KATP Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle: Structure, Regulation and Functional Roles
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Roles of ATP-sensitive K+ channels as metabolic sensors: studies of Kir6.x null mice.
ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) are present in various tissues, including pancreatic beta-cells, heart, skeletal muscles, vascular smooth muscles, and brain. KATP channels are hetero-octameric proteins composed of inwardly rectifying K+ channel (Kir6.x) and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits. Different combinations of Kir6.x and SUR subunits comprise KATP channels with distinct elec...
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In this review, we present the basic properties, physiological functions, regulation, and pathological alterations of four major classes of K+ channels that have been detected in vascular smooth muscle cells. Voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels open upon depolarization of the plasma membrane in vascular smooth muscle cells. The subsequent efflux of K+ through the channels induces repolarization ...
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Potassium channels represent the dominant ion conductance of vascular smooth muscle cell membranes and play a major role in the regulation of membrane potential (18,19). Membrane potential, in turn, regulates the open state probability of voltage-gated Ca channels (18,19). Thus, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the closure of K channels and the loss of outward K current lead to depolarization, opening...
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ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) regulate a range of biological activities by coupling membrane excitability to the cellular metabolic state. In particular, it has been proposed that KATP channels and specifically, the channel subunits Kir6.1 and SUR2B, play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. However, recent experiments have suggested that KATP channels outside the vas...
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